根本恶,绝对无——列维纳斯与后人类的断裂主题

Radical Evil and Absolute Nothingness——Levinas and the Disconnection Theme of Post-humanism

阿伦特的平庸恶概念不仅颠覆了对根本恶的传统思辨,更是尖锐指向了现时代以来的核心困境。鉴于她的判断概念的明显局限性,我们试图转向列维纳斯的时间性理论寻求回应之道。重新发端的当下,全然陌异的未来及其留存的创伤之痕,这一条时间性的脉络既从根本上为绝对分离的哲学原则奠定了前提,更是为重新开启根本恶的视角提供了真正起点。由此,在列维纳斯和晚近后人类思潮的断裂主题之间,亦产生着明显的相通与共鸣。

Arendt’s ‘banality of evil’ has not only radically overturned the traditional thoughts about ‘radical evil’, but also pushed our thinking even deeper into the maze of this turbulent age. However, since her conception of “judgement” failed to respond to this tough problem, we have to turn to Levinas for further inspiration, especially his innovative argument about temporality. The temporal sequence in which temporality is connected to the totally alien future and the remnant scars of trauma provides both a premise for the philosophical principle of absolute separation and a real starting point for the perspective of radial evil. Precisely on this point, a strong resonance could be felt between Levinas and the recent rather radical version of post-humanism.