发酵类制药企业污水处理厂废气中VOCs及厂界恶臭物质特征分析

Feature analysis of VOCs and odorous substances in waste gas from sewage treatment plant of fermentation pharmaceutical enterprises

为探究发酵类制药企业污水处理厂废气中挥发性有机物的成分及恶臭来源,选取石家庄市某发酵类制药企业污水处理厂为研究对象,参照美国EPA的TO-15方法,采用SUMMA罐采样-三级冷阱预浓缩-GC/MS分析方法,对各个处理单元和排放废气中的VOCs成分进行了定性分析,并对特征组分进行了定量分析。结果表明,VOCs的主要产生单元是水解酸化池、完全混合曝气池和沉淀池;在水解酸化池中,异丙硫醇的质量浓度最高,达到12.02 mg/m^3;厂区环境中异丙硫醇、丁硫醇、硫化氢的阈稀释倍数较大,是主要的恶臭污染贡献物。分析发酵类制药企业污水处理厂废气中VOCs及厂界恶臭物质的污染特征,改进废气中异丙硫醇和丁硫醇的治理工艺,加强对恶臭物质的治理,可进一步改善厂区及周边环境的污染程度,为石家庄市大气污染治理提供技术支持。

In order to explore the composition of VOCs and odorous substances in waste gas from sewage treatment plant of fermentation pharmaceutical enterprises, a fermentation pharmaceutical enterprise sewage treatment plant in Shijiazhuang City is selected as the research object. According to the US EPA TO-15 method, the VOCs components in each treatment unit and exhaust gas are qualitatively analyzed and the characteristic components are quantitatively analyzed by SUMMA tank sampling-three-stage cold trap preconcentration -GC/MS analysis method. The results show that the main generating units of VOCs are hydrolytic acidification tank, complete aeration tank and sedimentation tank. In the hydrolytic acidification tank, the mass concentration of isopropyl mercaptan is the highest, reaching to 12.02 mg/m^3. The threshold dilution multiple of isopropyl mercaptan, butyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide in the factory environment is large, which is the main contribution of malodor pollution. The pollution characteristics of VOCs in waste gas from sewage treatment plants of fermentation pharmaceutical enterprises and malodorous substance at the plant boundary are analyzed. The improvement of the treatment technologies of different isopropyl mercaptan and butyl mercaptan in waste gas and the strengthening of the treatment measures for malodorous substance can further improve the pollution level of the plant area and the surrounding environment, and provide technical support for air pollution control in Shijiazhuang City.