GA3和CPPU对‘巨峰’葡萄无核诱导及品质的影响

Effects of GA3 and CPPU on inducing seedless fruit and quality of ’Kyoho’ grapevine

通过赤霉素(GA3)、氯吡脲(CPPU)、硫酸链霉素(SM)及不同组合处理浸蘸‘巨峰’果穗,研究不同配方对坐果、无核化及品质的影响。结果表明,在10~40mg/LGA3范围内,随着浓度提高坐果率总体提升,最低在64%以上,中高剂量添加2mg/LCPPU提高坐果率约21%~27%;无核率总体上升,添加CPPU或SM进一步提高无核率10%~24%,着色指数降低,添加2mg/LCPPU则加剧这一趋势;可溶性固形物含量规律与着色指数一致;果梗硬度、百粒重有增加趋势。综合评价,建议在‘巨峰’盛花末期使用10mg/LGA3﹢2mg/LCPPU进行保果和无核化处理,间隔10~15d再用25mg/LGA3﹢2mg/LCPPU进行膨大处理,保果、无核效果突出,但对品质影响不明显。

This study was to optimize and select the method of inducing berries seedless for ‘Kyoho' grapevine in Henan, observed the effects of grape setting and quality. The flower spikes of ‘Kyoho' grapevine were dipped into 12 different hormone combination treatments including gibberellin(GA3), streptomycin(SM) and forchlorfenuron (CPPU) after flower abscission. The results showed that GA3 concentration from 10-40 mg/L, the treatments improved fruit setting rate, seedless rate, pedicel hardening degree and hundred grains weight over control treatment;as decreased coloration index at verasion stage and total soluble solids, the addition of 2 mg/L CPPU exacerbated the trends. Seedless effects of combinations of GA3, SM or CPPU were better than using GA3 individually. According to comprehensive evaluation of seedless rate, pedicel hardening degree, coloration and other quality indices, optimal treatment was applying 10 mg/L GA3﹢2 mg/L CPPU after flower abscission,and 10 to 15 days later applying GA3 25 mg/L GA3﹢2 mg/L CPPU.