酿酒葡萄‘美乐’4个无性系在新疆玛纳斯的引种表现

Cultivation performance of four clones of wine grape variety ’Merlot’ in Manas region of Xinjiang

新疆玛纳斯地区作为中国优质葡萄酒生产的一个重要产区,适宜其风土的酿酒葡萄品种在不断地引进与推广。本文对红色酿酒葡萄品种‘美乐’的4个无性系(美乐343、美乐346、美乐348及美乐181)在新疆玛纳斯产区的栽培表现和冬剪留节数进行了研究,调查探究了其植物学性状、结果习性、生物学特性、栽培技术要点。在冬剪时设置不同剪留节数,通过调查萌芽率,结果枝率及结果系数来探究适宜的冬剪截留节数。结果表明,该品种4个无性系性状相近,抗病性较强,生长势较旺盛;成熟时果实品质好,可溶性固形物含量较高,果穗紧实度适中,适于当地推广种植;短枝留节数控制在3节或4节为适宜的冬剪方式。

The Manas region of Xinjiang is an important production area for the production of high-quality wines in China. The wine grape varieties suitable for its terroir are constantly being introduced and promoted. In this paper, the cultivation performance of four clones of wine grapes (Merlot 343, Merlot 346, Merlot 348 and Merlot 181) in the Manas region of Xinjiang was studied. The investigation explored its botanical traits, fruit traits, biological characteristics, and cultivation techniques;and controlled the number of nodes of each shoot during winter pruning, and explored the suitable node retention in winter pruning by investigating the germination rate, fruit rate and fruiting coefficient. The results showed that the four clones had similar traits, strong disease resistance and strong growth potential. The fruit quality was good at maturity, the content of soluble solids was high, the firmness of the clusters was moderate, and the number of nodes was controlled to three or four sections are suitable in winter pruning. This variety was a promising high-quality wine grape variety, which was of great significance for the development of high-quality wine grapes.