三江源保护区典型公路对湿地影响的实证分析

An empirical analysis of the influence of typical highways in Sanjiangyuan Protected Area on wetlands

湿地是水资源保护和生物多样性保育的重点区域。公路穿越湿地时,可能会阻隔湿地斑块之间的水力连通,破坏湿地生态系统的健康。本研究以三江源保护区共玉公路和S308为靶区,采用沿线考察、无人机航拍和遥感影像解译相结合的方法,获取公路周边湿地的现状及其演变过程,以此为基础探讨了三江源保护区公路建设对湿地的影响。研究发现,沿线仅有两处可能由公路建设导致的湿地变化,公路建设基本未对三江源保护区湿地产生阻隔。建议未来通过增加或改善已有涵洞减少该类现象出现。

Wetlands play an important role on water conservation and biodiversity accumulation. The crossing highways may cut off the water flow relationship between wetland patches, and further influence wetland ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the situation of wetlands based on ground, aerial photographic and remote sensing image interpretation along two roads (Gongyu Expressway and S308 road) in the SanJiangYuan Part. We found that there were only two places exhibit a different wetland image at the either site of the road. Road construction basically did not obstruct wetlands. It was also found that by improving existing culverts, measures could be taken to avoid or alleviate such phenomena.