四川省292例发育障碍儿童家庭康复现状及影响因素的调查分析

Research on family rehabilitation status and its influencing factors of 292 developmentally disabled children in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省发育障碍儿童家庭康复的现状及影响因素,为帮助家庭更好地实施康复提供依据和参考。方法随机抽取四川省8个市州的292名脑瘫、自闭症和智力障碍等发育障碍儿童的家庭进行家庭康复现状问卷调查。结果 84.2%的家庭认为家庭康复重要,65.4%的实施家庭康复训练,71.3%的认为未实施家庭康复的原因是家长不懂康复训练方法;实施家庭康复训练的比例在父母文化程度、婚姻状况、户籍、家庭年收入、儿童年龄、疾病诊断、残疾等级、行动能力、自理能力、接受教育情况、是否享有康复救助、是否有辅助器具以及对家庭康复重要性认识方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,影响家庭康复实施与否的因素主要有对家庭康复重要性的认识、孩子母亲的文化程度、孩子的疾病诊断、残疾等级和行动能力(χ~2=143.185,P=0.000)。结论四川省发育障碍儿童接受家庭康复训练的比例有待提升,相关人员应根据其具体情况采用有针对性的措施来促进家庭康复的实施。

Objective To explore the status and its influence factors of family rehabilitation of developmentally disabled children in Sichuan Province,thus providing a basis and reference for families to implement rehabilitation.Methods A questionnaire survey on family rehabilitation was conducted among 292 families of developmentally disabled children with cerebral palsy,autism and mental retardation randomly from 8 cities or states in Sichuan Province.Results 84.2% of the families believed in the importance of family rehabilitation,65.4%implemented family rehabilitation,and 71.3% believed the reason for families without family rehabilitation was that parents didn′t understand the training methods.There were significant differences in the implement rate of family rehabilitation in different parental education levels,marital statuses,household registers,family annual incomes,children′s ages,disease diagnoses,disability degrees,action capabilities,self-care abilities,education,whether there are rehabilitation aids,or device assistances and family awareness of rehabilitation(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that whether there are implementing family training mainly depended on the attitudes of families towards family rehabilitation,mother′s education level,disease diagnosis,disability degree and action capability of the children(χ^2=143.185,P=0.000).Conclusion The percentage of families of developmentally disabled children involved in family rehabilitation needs to be further improved in Sichuan Province.Relevant people should take pertinent measures to promote the implementation of family rehabilitation according to specific conditions.