绿化废弃物堆肥配制屋顶绿化新型基质的研究

Greening waste compost as a new substrate for green roofs

为进一步研究绿化废弃物堆肥在屋顶绿化基质配制中的应用,采用对比实验法,以绿化废弃物堆肥、草炭和火山岩、蛭石等无机基质为原料配制混合基质,比较不同添加比的绿化废弃物堆肥对基质理化性质的影响,观测屋顶栽植环境下佛甲草Sedum lineare幼苗株高、覆盖度和三七景天Sedum aizoon幼苗生长指数、分蘖数、覆盖度的生长变化,并通过隶属函数综合评价分析。结果表明:添加绿化废弃物堆肥的混合基质理化性质均符合屋顶绿化基质及植物生长要求,养分均衡,有利于植物的生长;最适宜的基质配比为V(绿化废弃物堆肥)∶V(无机基质)=65∶35和V(绿化废弃物堆肥)∶V(草炭)∶V(无机基质)=30∶20∶50,其中无机基质配比为V(火山岩)∶V(蛭石)=3∶2。

Since the sponge city was first proposed in China in 2012,green roof has been developed rapidly as one of the technical indicators for sponge city construction.It has played a good role in relieving the urban heat island effect and reducing the pressure on people and buildings and green areas.For further research on the application of greening waste compost as a green roof substrate,this study used a comparative experimental method.The green roof mixed substrates of raw materials that contained greening waste compost,peat,and inorganic substrates of volcanic rocks and vermiculite.The effects on physical and chemical properties of the mixed substrates with different additive proportions of greening waste compost were compared.The growth law for height and coverage of Sedum lineare seedlings as well as the growth index,tiller numbers,and coverage of Sedum aizoon seedlings were observed in a roof planting environment.Then,a comprehensive evaluation of membership functions designed with ck(control group),T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6and T7.Results showed that physical(volume weight and porosity)and chemical properties(pH,EC,CEC,OM,TN,TP,TK and C/N)of the greening waste compost were in line with the green roof substrates and plant growth requirements,and the nutrient elements necessary for plant growth were balanced in N,P and K and conducive to the growth of the plants.Optimum formulas for greening waste compost were inorganic substrates(volcanic rocks:vermiculite=3∶2,V/V)=65∶35(volume ratios)and greening waste compost∶peat∶inorganic substrates=30∶20∶50(volume ratios).[Ch,2 fig.5 tab.20 ref.].