人类辅助生殖技术的研究进展

Research progress of assisted reproductive technology

人类辅助生殖技术(ART)包括人工授精(AI)和体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)及其衍生技术。近年不孕不育患者比例有升高趋势,此外因二胎政策的开放,有生育需求的高龄患者比例有所增加,ART技术现已成为治疗不孕不育患者的重要方式。随着科技的发展,许多衍生技术的应用,包括卵母细胞的体外成熟培养、时差成像系统、精子微量冷冻、代谢组学评估胚胎发育潜能等,弥补了ART技术的不足,使ART技术更完善,更准确地满足患者的需求。但是,新技术的应用仍然存在一些问题,在临床实施过程中,需要不断改进、更新和完善。

Human assisted reproductive technology( ART) includes artificial insemination( AI) and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer( IVF-ET) and their derivatives. In recent years,the proportion of infertility patients has increased. In addition,with the opening of the second child policy,the proportion of elderly patients with fertility needs has increased. ART technology has become an important way to treat infertility patients. With the development of science and technology,many derivative technologies,including oocyte maturation in vitro,timelaps system,sperm micro-freezing,metabolomics assessment of embryonic development potential,make up for the shortcomings of ART technology,which make ART technology more perfect,and more accurately meet the needs of patients. However,there are still some problems in the application of new technology. In the actual implementation process,the new technology need to constantly improve,update and complete.