树上干杏开花坐果期内源激素变化规律

The Change of Endogenous Hormone of Apricot Tree in Flowering and Setting Period

【目的】测定树上干杏开花坐果期3种内源激素含量的动态变化,研究内源激素对树上干杏开花、落花及坐果的调控机制,为树上干杏内源激素在花期调控,提高杏坐果提供理论基础。【方法】以10年生树上干杏植株为材料,分别于花期、坐果期,采集花芽、花朵或幼果,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测定其内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、油菜素内酯(BR)和脱落酸(ABA)的含量。【结果】内源激素GA3含量194.12~511.17pg/mL范围内,对花芽的发育起促进作用,幼果的发育需要较高水平的GA3;内源激素BR(125.8~153.65ng/L)对花芽发育以及成花具有促进作用,坐果期初期较高含量的BR可能利于幼果的发育;低含量(72.71~105.12μg/L)的ABA可能利于花芽萌动,激素间相关性分析显示ABA与BR含量、ABA与GA3含量、BR与GA3含量极显著相关。【结论】花芽膨大期初期GA3含量最低,盛花期末期达到峰值,之后呈下降趋势;内源激素BR含量在露萼期和盛花期出现峰值,从盛花末期开始下降;花芽膨大期ABA含量处于低水平状态,之后总体为上升趋势,盛花末期ABA含量达到峰值后下降。高含量的ABA可能会促进杏花开放衰老,低水平的ABA可能利于幼果生长发育。

【Objective】In this study,by measuring the dynamic changes of three endogenous hormones in the flowering and fruit-setting period of apricot trees,the regulation mechanism of endogenous hormones during the flowering and fruit-setting period of apricot trees was discussed,so as to provide theoretical basis for the regulation and improvement of fruit-setting period in the flowering and fruit-setting period【Methods】The apricot plants of 10 years old trees were used as the experimental materials,and the buds,flowers and young fruits were collected at the flowering and fruiting stages,respectively.The contents of the endogenous hormones GA 3,BR and ABA were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)【Results】In the apricot blossom and fruit-setting period,the content of GA 3 was the lowest in the early flowering stage,reached the peak in the late flowering stage,and then decreased.The content of endogenous hormone BR peaked at calyx stage and flowering stage,and decreased from the end of flowering stage.ABA content in flower buds was at a low level in the bulking stage,and then showed an overall upward trend.ABA content in the late flowering stage decreased after reaching a peak.The correlation between ABA and BR,ABA and GA 3,BR and GA 3 were significantly correlated.【Conclusion】Endogenous hormones GA 3,BR and ABA affect the process of flowering,falling and fruiting of dried apricot.The content of endogenous hormone GA 3 within the range of 194.12-511.17 pg/mL can promote the development of flower buds,and the development of young fruit requires a higher level of GA 3.Endogenous hormone BR(within the range of 125.8-153.65 ng/L)has a promoting effect on flower bud development and flower formation,and higher content of BR in early fruit-setting stage may be beneficial to the development of young fruit.ABA at low levels(72.71-105.12 g/L)may promote bud germination,ABA at high levels may promote flower opening and senescence,and ABA at low levels may promote young fruit growth and development.