“深圳基因编辑婴儿事件”中伦理审查的法治考问

QUESTIONING ON ETHICAL REVIEW ON HUMAN EMBRYO GENE EDITING UNDER THE RULE OF LAW

基因编辑技术需要行政监管,根据相应的法律规则进行的监督可以保证基因编辑技术各类研究活动能够符合人类起码的公序良俗。但在行政监管开展之前,还需要相应的伦理审查提供技术支持。伦理审查是为保护人的生命和健康,维护人的尊严,尊重和保护受试者的合法权益而构建。基因编辑技术中的伦理审查应该成为法治框架控制下的必然产物,工程伦理尤其是生物医学研究工程伦理具备与法治结合的较强需求。当下中国需要强化的生物医学伦理审查中的法治环节,既包括研究者与受试者的法律义务,也包括伦理审查机构的发现义务,同时,也需要对伦理委员会的组织建构和职责进行相应强化。

Ethical review in gene editing technology should be framed and examined under the rule of law. Engineering ethics, especially biomedical research engineering ethics, have a strong need to integrate with the rule of law. At present, China needs to strengthen the regarding law in biomedical ethics review, including the legal obligations of researchers and subjects, as well as the discovery obligations of ethical review institutions. Meanwhile, it also needs to strengthen the organizational structure and responsibilities of ethics committees.