一类以对苯二胺为联接基的双子表面活性剂的合成及性能

Synthesis and properties of a series of Gemini surfactants with p-phenylenediamine as a spacer

以环氧氯丙烷,对苯二胺和N,N-二甲基烷基胺为原料,分两步合成了一系列具有不同疏水链长的新型双子表面活性剂C_(12)、C_(16)和C_(18),通过FT-IR和~1H NMR对产物结构进行表征,测定了苯二胺型表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)和表面张力(γ_(cmc))以及Krafft点、乳化、泡沫和抗菌性能。结果表明,在25 ℃时C_(12)、C_(16)和C_(18)的cmc分别为3.29×10^(-3), 2.53×10^(-4)和3.14×10^(-4) mol/L,(γ_(cmc))分别为28.24,31.95和35.06 mN/m;C_(12)和C_(16)的Krafft点均小于0 ℃,C18的Krafft点为10 ℃;C12的发泡性优于C_(16)和C_(18);C_(18)的乳化性能强于C12和C16;C_(12)、C_(16)和C_(18)均具有优异的抗微生物活性。

A series of novel Gemini surfactants C12, C16, and C(18 with the hydrophobic groups of different lengths were synthesized with epichlorohydrin, N, N-dimethylalkyl amine and p-phenylenediamine as materials in two steps. The products were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The critical micelle concentration(cmc)and the corresponding surface tension((γcmc))of the phenylenediamine surfactants in aqueous solution were measured at 25 ℃ by surface tensiometer. The Krafft points and the emulsifying, foaming and antimicrobial properties of the aqueous solutions were also determined. The results show that the cmc of C12、C16 and C18 at 25 ℃ are 3.29×10^-3, 2.53×10^-4 and 3.14×10^-4 mol/L, respectively, and the (γcmc) are 28.24, 31.95 and 35.06 mN/m, respectively. The Krafft points of C12 and C16 are both below 0 ℃, and the Krafft point of C18 is 10 ℃. The foaming properties of C12 are better than those of C16 and C18. The emulsifying properties of C18 are better than those of C12 and C16. C12、C16 and C18 have shown excellent antimicrobial activities.