含刚性基团的Gemini表面活性剂的制备及其与SDS复配性能研究

Preparation of Gemini surfactants containing rigid groups and their properties after mixed with sodium dodecyl sulfate

以邻苯二甲酸酐、环氧氯丙烷以及N,N-二甲基十四烷基胺为原料合成了含有刚性联接基团的Gemini表面活性剂G_(14),通过电喷雾质谱以及核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征。研究了G_(14)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系的表面活性以及应用性能。发现复配体系比单一组分拥有更低的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、更强的乳化能力以及更好的润湿性能。其中当n(G_(14))∶n(SDS)=1∶2时,cmc为3.19×10^(-5) mol/L,γ_(cmc)为22.3 m N/m,A_(min)为0.57 nm^2,pc_(20)为5.01,■_(max)为2.92 μmol/m^2;在65 ℃时对柴油的清洗率能达到91.67%。

A Gemini surfactant containing the rigid linking group(G14)was synthesized from phthalic anhydride, epichlorohydrin and N,N-dimethyltetradecylamine. The structure was characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry and 1H NMR. The surface activity and application properties of the mixtures of G14 and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)were studied. The mixed systems have exhibited a lower critical micelle concentration(cmc), a stronger emulsifying ability, and better wetting properties than a single component. When n(G14)∶ n(SDS)=1∶2, the cmc is 3.19×10^-5 mol/L;γcmc is 22.3 mN/m;Amin is 0.57 nm^2;pc20 reaches 5.01;■ max reaches 2.92 μmol/m^2;the cleaning rate of diesel can reach 91.67% at 65 ℃.