心物关系与教育改革

From the Relationship between Mind and Substance to the Educational Reform

教育变革总是伴随认识论或知识论的转型。认识论的基本分歧是心物二元论以及由此派生的先验论与经验论之争。认识论的分歧在中国教育哲学领域主要呈现为心学与理学之争,而西方教育哲学领域主要呈现为经验论与先验论之争或建构主义与实体主义之争。在心物二元论之外,整体主义及其自然法可作为认识论的第三条道路。整体主义及其自然法是一切生物尤其是动物的自然习性。

Educational transformation is always accompanied by the transformation of epistemology or the theory of knowledge. The basic difference between epistemology is dualism of mind and substance and the controversy between transcendentalism and empiricism derived from it. The divergence of the view of knowledge in the field of Chinese philosophy of education is mainly manifested in the dispute between philosophy of heart and neo-Confucianism, while in the field of western philosophy of education, it is mainly manifested in the dispute between empiricism and transcendentalism or between constructivism and materialism. Beyond the dualism of mind and matter, holism and its natural law can serve as the third way of epistemology. Holism and its natural law are the natural habits of all living things, especially animals.