基于模型预测控制含可再生分布式电源参与调控的配电网多时间尺度无功动态优化

Multi-Time Scale Reactive Power Optimization of Distribution Grid Based on Model Predictive Control and Including RDG Regulation

充分挖掘可再生分布式电源(RDG)动态无功电压调控能力,对改善配电系统内风电、光伏出力随机性和负荷波动导致的电压稳定性问题具有重要意义。建立了基于模型预测控制的配电网多时间尺度无功优化模型,包含日前优化调节层和实时滚动调控层。日前优化侧重于运行经济性,协调配合不同类型无功设备进行大尺度无功调节,并预留充足动态无功储备响应动态调控,降低运行风险;实时滚动调控侧重于系统运行可靠性,基于RDG、负荷超短期预测进行滚动调控,根据无功补偿需求及时决策反馈校正,逐层细化实现配电网无功电压"大幅调节"、"小幅调控"和"反馈调整",抑制不确定因素导致的电压越限。最后,通过IEEE 33节点算例进行仿真分析,验证了该文所提模型和算法可有效削弱预测误差影响,提升系统电压稳定性和电能质量。

Fully digging the dynamic reactive power and voltage regulation capability of renewable distributed generation (RDG) is of great significance for improving the voltage stability problem caused by randomness of RDG outputs and load fluctuations in the distribution system. A multi-time scale reactive power optimization model for distribution network based on model predictive control is established, which includes a day-ahead optimal regulation layer and a real-time rolling control layer. The day-ahead optimal regulation focuses on the economics of operation. Large-scale reactive power regulation is performed through the coordination and cooperation of various reactive power devices, and sufficient dynamic reactive power reserve is retained to response dynamic regulations and reduce operational risk. The real-time rolling control focuses on the stability of the system operation and is implemented based on the ultra-short-term forecast of RDG and load. According to the demand of reactive power compensation, correction of decision-making feedback is implemented timely. Then,“substantial adjustment”,“small-scale regulation” and “feedback adjustment” of reactive voltage of distribution network is realized through layer-by-layer refinement to suppress voltage over-limit caused by uncertain factors. Finally, the simulation results of IEEE33-bus examples are analyzed. The results show that the model and algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the influence of prediction errors and improve the system voltage stability and power quality.