马克思《莱茵报》时期人民主体思想的逻辑向度

The Logical Dimension of Marx’s Thoughts on People Being the Subject in the Period of “Rheinische Zeitung”

马克思《莱茵报》时期发表的诸多政论文章中蕴涵着丰富的人民主体思想,然而却是国内外学界研究的薄弱环节。马克思的主要观点有:"自由报刊是历史的人民精神的英勇喉舌和它的公开形式";法律"同人民的意志一起产生并由人民的意志所创立";代表权"应理解为人民自身的代表权";习惯法要惠及贫民,为穷人要求"一切国家的穷人的习惯法";"事件的道德实质始终是人民的思想、忧虑和希望的体现"。该时期马克思的人民主体思想固然尚处于启蒙思想祛魅的萌发期,但其弥散的价值意蕴,不仅为马克思早期思想发展提供了动力,而且为马克思世界观变革创设了契机,同时,昭示着马克思揭开唯物史观奥秘的可能。

There are abundant thoughts on people being the subject in many of Marx s political articles published in the period of “Rheinische Zeitung”, but the study is a weak link in the academic circle at home and abroad. Marx s main ideas are:“the free press is the heroic mouthpiece of the historical people s spirit and its public form”;law “was born with the will of the people and was created by the will of the people”;the right of representation “shall be understood as the right of representation of the people themselves”;customary law should benefit the poor, demanding for the poor “customary law of the poor of all nations”;the moral nature of events is always an expression of the thoughts, worries and hopes of the people. Needless to say, Marx s thoughts had obvious imprints of enlightenment during this period, but its value implication not only provided the power for the development of Marx s early thoughts, but also created an opportunity for the reform of Marx s world outlook. At the same time, it indicated the possibility of Marx revealing the mystery of historical materialism.