金融支持、扶贫效率与区域优化——基于中国31个省区市面板数据的实证分析

Financial Support,Efficiency and Regional Optimization of Poverty Alleviation——Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data of 31 Provinces and Cities in China

文章利用我国省级面板数据,分别从静态和动态两个维度首次对中国农村金融扶贫效率作实证研究。结果表明:在剔除环境因素和随机干扰后,综合技术效率均值、纯技术效率均值和规模效率均值都被低估,投入规模不足和创新不足是制约我国农村金融扶贫效率提升的瓶颈。此外,我国各区域农村金融扶贫效率差异显著,呈现“中部>西部>东部>东北”的空间格局。通过对Malmquist指数分解可知,全要素生产率指数与技术进步变化值的演变趋势基本相同,反映全要素生产率指数对技术进步的依赖。因此,各类金融扶贫机构及组织应扩大金融扶贫规模,增强金融产品与服务创新投入来提升我国农村金融扶贫效率,不同区域应根据种子型、发展型、成长型、成熟型四种效率类型选择相应的区域金融扶贫效率优化策略。

By using the provincial panel data of China,empirical study on the efficiency of rural financial poverty alleviation from static and dynamic dimensions. The results show that the average comprehensive technological efficiency,the average pure tech nology efficiency and the average scale efficiency are underestimated after the elimination of environmental factors and random in terference. The lack of input and innovation is the bottleneck that restricts the efficiency of rural financial poverty alleviation. In addition,there are remarkable differences on the efficiency of poverty alleviation in rural areas of China,which shows the spatial pattern of“ Middle>West>East>Northeast”. By analyzing the Malmquist index,the trend of the total factor productivity index and the technological change is basically the same,which reflects the dependence of the total factor productivity index on technologi cal progress. Therefore,expanding the scale of financial poverty alleviation and strengthening the investment of financial products and services are important ways to improve the efficiency of rural financial poverty alleviation. Different regions should choose the four types of efficiency based on seed type,development type,growth type and mature type to optimize regional financial poverty alleviation efficiency strategy.Different regions should choose the corresponding optimization strategies of regional financial pov erty alleviation efficiency according to the four types of efficiency: seed type, development type, growth type and maturity type.