员工组织承诺水平变迁的横断历史元分析:2004—2014

Changes in Chinese Employees Organizational Commitment: A Cross-temporal Meta-analysis from 2004 to 2014

为考察我国企业员工组织承诺水平随年代变迁的趋势特点及其社会影响因素,运用横断历史元分析方法,文章对2004—2014年间采用"组织承诺量表"的174篇研究报告共61266名员工进行分析。结果发现:(1)员工的情感承诺和规范承诺均值与年代正相关显著,持续承诺均值与年代相关不显著。(2)11年间员工情感承诺和规范承诺水平逐渐上升,金融危机后情感承诺水平上升显著。(3)5年前及当年的城镇化率、人均GDP和高校毕业生数量与情感承诺正相关显著,当年的CPI、GDP增长率和城镇失业率与之负相关显著;5年前的CPI、城镇化率、人均GDP、城镇失业率和高校毕业生数量与规范承诺正相关显著,当年的城镇化率、人均GDP与之正相关显著,GDP增长率与之负相关显著;当年的GDP增长率与持续承诺负相关显著。结果表明上述指标是影响员工组织承诺的重要社会因素。

To investigate the changing trend over time and social factors of organizational commitment in Chinese employees, a cross-temporal meta-analysis was conducted. The present study collected 174 reports and the data of 61226 employees from 2004 to 2014 using organizational commitment scale. The results showed that:(1)The mean values of employees affective commitment and normative commitment were positively related to the year, and continuous commitment mean value was related to the year insignificantly.(2)During the 11 years, the mean values of employees affective commitment and normative commitment were gradually increasing. After the financial crisis, affective commitments mean level increased significantly.(3)The employees affective commitment was positively related to the urbanization rate, GDP per capita and the number of college graduates during the year and the past 5 years. It is negatively related to CPI, GDP growth rate and urban unemployment rate during the year. The normative commitment was positively related to CPI, urbanization rate, GDP per capita, urban unemployment rate and the number of college graduates in the past 5 years. It is positively related to the urbanization rate, GDP per capita and negatively related to GDP growth rate during the year. Continuous commitment was negatively related to GDP growth rate during the year. The results suggest that the above indicators are important social factors of the organizational commitment.