2013—2015年北京市某社区不同喂养方式与6月龄内婴儿生长速率的关系

Relationship between different feeding methods and growth rate of infants within 6 months in a community in Beijing from 2013 to 2015

目的探讨不同喂养方式对婴儿早期生长速率的影响。方法采用回顾性队列研究,以北京市某社区2013年10月至2015年10月出生的416例婴儿为研究对象,按照喂养方式分为基本纯母乳喂养组和非母乳喂养组。采集婴儿出生及6月龄内的体检信息,分析不同喂养方式对婴儿6月龄内身长和体重生长速率Z评分的影响。结果 1月龄时基本纯母乳喂养组与非母乳喂养组之间,0～1月龄体重生长速率Z评分和0～3月龄身长生长速率Z评分差异均无统计学意义;3月龄时基本纯母乳喂养组与非母乳喂养组之间,3～6月龄及0～6月龄身长、体重生长速率Z评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3～6月龄非母乳喂养组(0.60)婴儿的体重生长速率Z评分高于基本纯母乳喂养组(-0.01),身长生长速率Z评分也同样表现出非母乳喂养组(0.40)高于基本纯母乳喂养组(-0.03);0～6月龄的体重生长速率Z评分非母乳喂养组(0.90)高于基本纯母乳喂养组(0.60),身长生长速率Z评分非母乳喂养组(1.00)高于基本纯母乳喂养组(0.70)。结论婴儿3月龄时的喂养方式会影响其之后的生长速率,配方粉的添加可导致生长速率曲线上移,从而增加婴儿超重肥胖的风险。

OBJECTIVE To observe the influence of feeding method on early growth rate of infants.METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 416 infants born in a community in Beijing from October 2013 to October 2015.Infants fed by breast milk as the sole source of milk food were classed into the breastfeeding group,others were classed into the non-breastfeeding group.The information of physical examination on birth and within 6-month old was collected to analyze the influence of different feeding method on growth rate Z scores of length and body weight within 6-month old infants.RESULTS When evaluating the effect of feeding patterns on the growth rate at 1 month,there was no significant difference between the two groups at 0-1 months and 0-3 months old body weight and body length growth rate Z score.When evaluating the effect of feeding patterns on the growth rate at 3 month,the results showed,in the 3-6 months old formula powder feeding group(0.60),the weight growth rate Z score of the infant was higher than that of the predominant breastfeeding group(-0.01).The length-growth rate Z score also showed that the formula powder feeding group(0.40)was higher than the predominant breastfeeding group(-0.03).The weight growth rate Z score of 0-6 months old was higher in the formula powder feeding group(0.90)than in the predominant breastfeeding group(0.60).The body length growth rate Z score was higher in the formula powder feeding group(1.00)than in the predominant breastfeeding group(0.70).CONCLUSION The feeding pattern of infants at 3 months of age will affect their subsequent growth rate.The addition of formula powder may cause the growth rate curve to shift upwards,thereby increasing the risk of overweight and obesity in infants.