留学青年的悲歌——论《沉沦》的悲剧意义

Elegy for Overseas Students from China

郁达夫的《沉沦》以留学日本的中国留学生的生活为题材,以作家自己的留学生活为素材,是作家"一己体验"的"自叙传"。因为祖国的极端贫穷和自身在国外受到的歧视,主人公形成了多愁善感、孤独自卑的性格。作为一个旅居海外的孤儿,他才华横溢却无处施展,报效祖国却梦想破灭,残酷的现实让他试图通过寻找爱情来摆脱怀才不遇、报国无门的压抑与苦闷。他感到自己在多苦的世界里成了多余的人,终于跳海自杀。这部小说是一首时代青年心灵三部曲:合理人生的追求——人生追求的幻灭——沉沦而自戕^([1])。《沉沦》主人公的悲剧,不仅仅是个人的悲剧,也是那个时代留学海外的爱国知识分子的悲歌。

Sinking, written by Yu Da-fu, is a "self-narrative biography" about the writer "personal experience" by taking his life of studying abroad as the material and the life of Chinese students studying in Japan as the subject. Due to extreme poverty in the motherland and foreign discrimination, the hero formed a sentimental, lonely and self-contemptuous character. As an overseas orphan, he had brilliant talents which however no one was interested in;wanted to make contributions to motherland while his dream was doomed to be broken. Cruel reality pressed him try to cast off depressive feelings by looking for love. He felt being isolated in the bitter world and committed suicide by jumping into the sea. The novel is a spiritual trilogy of young people at that time: reasonable life pursuit of ---- disillusion of life ---- depressed to commit suicide.[1] The hero’s tragedy is not only a personal one but also an elegy of the patriotic intellectuals who studied abroad at that time.