动物分子影像技术在帕金森病诊断研究中的运用

Application of animal molecular imaging technology to Parkinson’s disease diagnosis research

帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)是一种神经退行性疾病,在中老年群体中较为常见,危害性大,但是早期临床诊断与鉴别帕金森病、帕金森叠加综合征以及其他运动障碍性疾病有一定的困难性,因此临床前的研究显得尤为重要,利用动物分子影像技术对帕金森病模型进行活体脑部显像,能够动态观察帕金森病的形成和脑深部电刺激(DBS)治疗前后多巴胺受体的代谢及动力学变化,对帕金森病早期诊断及发病机制研究有一定的作用,当前帕金森病实验动物的脑部显像可以采用小动物PET/CT、小动物MRI和小动物SPECT进行精确诊断,通过诸多研究结果,可以明显提升诊断效率,与临床诊断结果达到高度一致性,为临床鉴别和诊断帕金森病和帕金森综合征提供数据支持。综述了近年来国内外研究者利用分子影像技术对帕金森病临床前研究的结果,展现了分子影像医学的发展趋势,对未来诊断和治疗帕金森疾病具有一定的参考价值。

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease common in middle-aged and old people. It is difficult to diagnose and differentiate PD, Parkinson’s superimposition syndrome and other motor disorders in the early stages. Therefore, preclinical research is particularly important, and animal molecular imaging are used. Imaging technology can dynamically observe the formation of Parkinson’ s disease and the changes of dopamine receptor metabolism and kinetics before and after deep brain stimulation ( DBS) treatment in vivo. It is helpful for the early diagnosis and understanding pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. At present, small animal PET/CT,MRI and SPECT are used for the brain imaging of Parkinson’ s experimental animals for accurate diagnosis. Further research is needed to significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency and achieve a high degree of consistency with clinical diagnostic results, and serves the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s syndrome. This paper reviews the results of preclinical studies on Parkinson’ s disease using molecular imaging technology in recent years, and illustrates the development trend of imaging medicine, which has a certain reference value for the future diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.