南宋西湖“吟社”文人的结盟及词史意义

On the Association of the Scholars in the “Yin Society” of the West Lake in the Southern Song Dynasty and Its Historical Significance for the Ci Poetry

宋代文坛结盟之风盛行。南宋后期,首都临安西湖一带活跃着不少文人结盟群体。其中以杨缵为盟主、周密等十一人为盟员的西湖"吟社"文人群,是琴师乐工与词人的结盟,他们经常举行各种活动,切磋词律,商榷填词。"吟社"词人在创作上遵循"协律",以是否"协律"作为评判词作优劣的首要标准。他们的词作多是西湖锦绣山水之景与词人逍遥自在之境的结合,显得典丽精工而又富雅浑融,促进了词体的进一步"格律化"和"典雅化",具有重要的词史意义。

In the literary circles of the Song Dynasty, forming alliance was a popular practice. In the late Southern Song Dynasty, there were many literati alliance groups active around the West Lake area in the Capital city of Lin'an, among which, there was the "Yin Society", having 11 members including Zhou Mi, with Yang Zuan as leader. Members were mostly musicians and Ci poets and they frequently held various activities, focusing on Ci poetry. The "Yin Society" poets followed the rule of "agreement" with their writing and judged a Ci poem by adopting the criteria of whether the poem stuck to the rule of "agreement" or not. Most of their Ci poems were a combination of the beautiful landscape of the West Lake and the free-going situation of themselves, which appeared to be elegant and refined. The Ci poems by the "Yin Society" promoted the further "rhythm" and "elegance" of the Ci style, and had important historical significance.