平台异化还是因债致罪?——P2P网贷涉非法吸收公众存款罪裁判文本实证研究

Dissimilation of Platform or Breach of Debt?——From An Empirical Approach of Judgment Documents about P2P Internet Lending Platform Convicting Illegal Absorption of Public Deposits

文章采用文献研究的方法对83份P2P网贷平台构成非法吸收公众存款罪的裁判文书进行实证分析。通过对平台异化模式的定性分析和平台负债情况的定量分析以及与刑事责任程度的交叉分析,文章认为,平台异化是P2P网贷平台构成非法吸收公众存款罪的基础性因素,负债规模、存款人人数和无法清偿的数额等三个因素都对刑事责任的程度产生影响。而且相比之下,无法清偿的数额对刑事责任影响的程度最为显著。实际上对P2P网贷平台追究非法吸收公众存款罪的刑事责任是因为网贷平台无法清偿举债数额巨大,即因债致罪。这种因债致罪的司法行为逻辑,可以从司法者作为"清场者"的功能定位和对社会秩序的价值追求来解释其合理性,但是从多元价值权衡和刑事民事分离的角度分析,其又是不合理的。

With 83 judicial documents about P2P internet lending platform convicting illegal absorption of public deposits as samples,this paper undertakes an empirical study.By a qualitative analysis of the platform s dissimilation and a quantitative analysis of its indebtedness,the paper argues that platform s dissimilation is the foundation factor of convicting,whiles the amounts of debts,creditors and in debts are influence factors to criminal liability.And the amount of in debts is the most eminent factor by contrast.Hence it draws the conclusion that in fact P2P internet lending platforms are more often than not accused and convicted because of huge in debts.And this is because of criminal judicial justice s cleaner role and order preference.Whereas it is unreasonable from the aspect of balance of values and the difference between criminal and civil judicial justice.