多维贫困视角下教育扶贫的国际经验与启示

The International Practice and Enlightenment of Educational Poverty Alleviation From the Perspective of Multidimensional Poverty

教育扶贫有利于增强扶贫对象内生动力、防止返贫、阻断贫困代际传递,许多国家都对此进行了有益的探索。美国、澳大利亚、日本等发达国家在教育扶贫的制度建设、机构设置、绩效考核等方面均取得一定成效,以韩国和巴西等新兴经济体针对贫困群体的资助项目、平台建设、社会保障等措施也值得借鉴。我国需要从挖掘人力资源潜力、完善监管与考核体制、加快公共服务建设、完善协调机制等方面采取具体措施,进一步提升教育扶贫的层次与水平。

Educational poverty alleviation is conducive to enhancing the endogenous motivation of the poverty alleviation targets,preventing them from returning to poverty,and blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Many countries have made useful explorations. Developed countries like the United States,Australia,and Japan have achieved certain results in the system construction,the organization establishment,the performance evaluation and other aspects. The newly emerging economies such as South Korea and Brazil have taken measures for vulnerable groups including the funding projects,platform construction and social security. China needs to take specific measures to further accelerate the process of educational poverty alleviation,such as excavating the potential of human resources,improving the supervision and assessment system,speeding up the public service construction and improving the coordination mechanism and others.