乳酸维持正常阴道微生态的研究进展

Progress in lactic acid-mediated maintenance of healthy vaginal microecology

乳酸是阴道中乳杆菌产生的主要物质,在维持阴道正常环境中起到重要作用。近年的研究显示,阴道内乳酸分为L-型和D-型,均可以结合氢离子的质子化形式破坏细菌的细胞膜,从而抑制细菌,减少细菌性阴道病和需氧菌性阴道炎的发生;还可抑制性传播疾病病原体如沙眼衣原体、人免疫缺陷病毒的感染和传播。乳酸可作为阴道内免疫调节剂,抑制病原微生物导致的炎症反应;作为表观遗传调节剂,调节阴道上皮细胞的基因表达。本文就近年来乳酸维持阴道正常生态环境的研究进展做一综述,以期为今后进一步研究提供参考。

Lactic acid is the main substance produced by Lactobacillus and plays an important role in maintaining a healthy vaginal microecology.Recent studies indicates that both L-and D-chiral isomers of lactic acid can be protonated and destroy the cell membranes of pathogens,thereby inhibiting bacterial vaginosis-and aerobic vaginitis-related pathogens.Lactic acid also can inhibit the pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases such as Chlamydia trachomatis and human immunodeficiency virus.Moreover,lactic acid acts as an immunomodulator to inhibit the inflammatory responses caused by pathogenic microorganisms and as an epigenetic regulator regulating gene expression in vaginal epithelial cells.In this paper,we reviewed the progress in lactic acid-mediated maintenance of a healthy vaginal microbiology in recent years for providing reference for further research.