张澍方志学理论及实践述论

Review of Theories and Practices of Chorography from Zhang Shu

张澍是清代乾嘉学派的重要代表人物,在方志学领域取得了很大成就。他既是方志编纂的中坚力量,又是杰出的方志理论家,一生整理编纂20余种方志,为多部志书撰写序言,阐述方志学理论。张澍把方志提高到史书的地位,把修志工作视为学术研究和文化传承的重要载体。他根据时代发展和内容需求,科学编排志书体例;既注重史料搜集和文献考订,又不轻视地理考据,构建了以志存史、史地并重、考证科学这一理论体系。张澍编纂的志书文献资料翔实,讲究经世致用,具有很高的社会文化价值。张澍的修志的理论和实践,是我国方志学史上的重要遗产,对我们今天的修志工作具有重要的指导意义。

Zhang Shu was an important representative of Qian-Jia School in the Qing Dynasty with great achievements in the chronicle field.He was both the hard core in chronicle compilation and an expert in chronicle theory.In general,he managed to organize and compile more than 20 types of chronicles,write prefaces for many chronicles and state the chorography theories.It is his contribution to lift the chronicle up to the level of historical records.He treated chronicle compilation as an important carrier of the academic study and culture inheritance.Considering era development and content needs,he arranged the stylistic rules and layout in a scientific way.He paid attention to historical data collection,examination and correction of literature and geographical textual research,thus establishing the theoretical system of recording history in chronicles,attaching equal importance to history and geography and researching in a scientific way.Chronicles and literatures by Zhang Shu are correct and accurate in content.With humanistic pragmatism highlighted,they are of great social and culture value.The theories and practices of chronicle compilation from Zhang Shu are significant heritages in the chorography history of China,which could be good guidelines for today’s chronicle compilation.