基于框架语义学日汉同形词对比研究——以日语「控」「控える」和汉语“控”为例

A Comparison of Japanese and Chinese Based on Frame Semantics: A Case Study of the Japanese "Kou" and "Hikaeru" and the Chinese "Kong"

在进行词语语义比较时,包括词与词、义项与义项的比较,应该在统一的概念槽下进行不同义项之间可以出现不同的填充项,也可以出现相同的填充项不同的语义是由填充项的不同所致,反之,相同的语义也是因填充项相同而致:填充项的部分相同与部分不同会导致语义差异,这些差异的厘清可以预测某些句式的不合法。另外,从文题三词重合情况来看,「控」与「控ぇる」重合较少,而「控」与“控”的重合较多,这与其为日语中的「漢語」词,受中国古汉语影响有关。同样道理,「和語」词「控ぇる」“控”重合情况也较少。

The comparison of lexical meanings, including word and word, semantic item and semantic item, should be made in a unified space. Different or identical fillers can appear among different semantic items. The reason why the semantic items are different is that the fillers are different. On the contrary, the reason why the semantic items are identical is also that the fillers are the same. The same or different part of fillers can lead to semantic differences. Clarifying these differences can predict some unreasonable sentence patterns. As can be seen from the overlap of three words, there is little overlap between "kou" and "hikaeru" but more overlap between "kou" and "kong" which is related to the ancient Chinese influence on the "kango" in Japanese. For the same reason, "wago" and "hikaeru" overlap a little with "kong".