一碳单位代谢及其相关营养素与结直肠癌风险关系的研究进展

One-carbon metabolism and related nutrients and risk of colorectal cancer

许多研究表明结直肠癌的发病机制与DNA甲基化密切相关,一碳单位代谢对DNA甲基化起着至关重要的作用,DNA甲基化是结直肠癌发生发展过程中发生基因异常表达和改变的常见机制。一碳单位代谢过程包括很多营养素,如叶酸、维生素B_6、维生素B_(12)、蛋氨酸、半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、胆碱和甜菜碱等。这些营养素水平发生变化,都可能影响一碳单位代谢过程,从而参与结直肠癌的发生发展。许多流行病学研究探讨了一碳单位代谢及其相关营养物质和结直肠癌风险之间的关系,本文就这一关系进行综述。

Many studies have shown that the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and DNA methylation are closely related.One-carbon metabolism,which contains many nutrients,is of great importance in methylation.DNA methylation is common mechanism of aberrant expression of gene and alters in the development of colorectal cancer.One-carbon related nutrients include Folic acid,vitamin B6,vitamin B12,methionine,cysteine,homocysteine,choline and betaine. Changes in the level of these nutrients may affect the metabolism of one-carbon metabolism,which participate in the development of colorectal cancer. Many epidemiologic studies have assessed the relationship between one-carbon metabolism and related nutrients and colorectal cancer risk. This article reviews the relationship.