多元文化咨询之本土化路径初探

Exploration of Localization Path on Multicultural Counseling

中国内地人生活在中国传统文化、西方文化和中国马克思主义文化混搭下,从小接受这三种文化的多重濡化并形成对这三种文化的认同,成为“三元文化者”。因此,立足于“三元文化者”构建咨询理论和策略,是中国心理咨询本土化的重要出发点。针对三种文化认同整合较好的个体,分别从中国传统文化、西方文化和中国马克思主义文化三种文化框架中挖掘适合中国人心理健康维护的助人资源,便于“三元文化者”根据自身所处的文化线索,转换心理保健的文化框架,从就近可获致的心理健康服务中寻求相应的帮助;针对三种文化认同整合不好的“三元文化者”,则要提升其文化能力,并在咨询师的协助下发展出多元文化认同管理策略。因此,在借鉴美国多元文化咨询经验的同时,应探索中国多元文化咨询的本土化路径。

China mainland people are living under "three cultures"mixing surroundings,including China traditional culture,western modern culture and Marxism culture,namely "Ternary-Cultural Person "who accepted these three cultures from childhood and formed multiple identity. Therefore,the Exploration of localization path on Chinese counseling must based on the study of the culture characteristics of Ternary-cultural person. Through exploring helping resources respectively from three cultures for those persons who can integrate three cultures well. Ternary-cultural person can seek proper help according to near clue under different frameworks of culture. Another way,multicultural psychologists need to assistant Ternary-cultural person who can’t integrate three cultures well for development of multicultural cultural ability and coordination strategies for multicultural identities conflicts. So,from drawing on the experience of multicultural counseling in the USA,we can develop the location path of Chinese counseling.