国外人工鱼礁研究动向及对我国的启示

The Trend of Artificial Reef Research Aboard and Its Enlightenment to China

建设人工鱼礁是打造海洋牧场的重要手段之一。文章对1987—2017年的国内外人工鱼礁相关文章进行了梳理,以发表文章数量来划分层次,美国等5个国家为"第一梯队",而中国等8个国家处于"第二梯队";2001年之后,中国发表文章的增长率居25个国家首位。国外人工鱼礁的研究主题主要包括鱼礁构建材料、本底调查、设计和布局、环境生态功能、渔业生产和鱼类行为等8个方面。通过总结国外人工鱼礁研究动向的特点,提出科学规划人工鱼礁区、完善资金配套扶持政策、构建人工鱼礁标准体系等3条建议,从而为我国人工鱼礁建设、渔业资源养护、生态环境保护提供参考依据。

Artificial reefs construction is one of valuable approaches for marine ranching building.Research papers related to artificial reef,published from 1987 to 2017,were arranged according to the numbers,and the result showed that there were 3 levels for 25 countries and/or areas.Among these 3 levels,5 countries were included in the first echelon (e.g.,USA) and the second echelon comprised 8 countries including China.The growth rate of published papers from China ranked first among 25 countries after 2001.The themes of international artificial reef researches mainly focused on eight aspects,such as reef materials,artificial reef substrates,design and deployment,environmental ecological functions,fisheries production and fish behavior.Summarizing the features of research trends related to artificial reef on abroad,three feasible suggestions were put forward,such as the scientific planning of artificial reef areas,the improvement of financial support policies,and the construction of standard system about artificial reefs.Furthermore,it provided references for artificial reef construction,fishery resources conservation and ecological environment protection in China.