浙江省淤泥质海岸线特点及整治修复探讨

Characteristics of Muddy Coastline of Zhejiang Province and Discussion on the Remediation

文章总结了浙江省海岸线分类及分布特点,以及淤泥质海岸线面临被大量占用、数量和比例锐减、自然淤积形成速率减缓、潮间带生态系统单一等一系列问题。为完成国务院关于浙江省海洋功能区划(2011—2020年)的批复要求,近年来浙江省全面开展海岸线整治修复工作。结合浙江省近岸海域含沙量高,潮滩长期处于淤涨态势的特点,对于人工海塘外自然淤涨条件较好的淤泥质滩,在以自然恢复为主、人工干预为辅的整治修复措施下可将该部分海岸线整治修复成为淤泥质海岸线,使其具有较完备的淤泥质海岸线地貌形态和潮间带生态系统,最终纳入自然岸线管控目标管理。文章针对淤泥质海岸线整治修复,提出了潮滩地貌结构完整性塑造、潮滩生态系统构建及整治修复海域水环境改善等整治修复方向,以供规划设计单位和管理部门参考。

The paper summarized the characteristics of coastline classify and distribution of Zhejiang province.Muddy coastline faces lots of problem such as being largely occupied,the sharp decreasing quantity,the slow down natural accretion rate and the sole intertidal ecosystem.Zhejiang province has carried out coastline remediation entirely to fulfill the approval requirements about Zhejiang Marine Function Zoning(2011-2020).Considering the characteristics of high sediment concentration in coastal waters and long-term silting and swelling of tidal flats in Zhejiang province,the good muddy flat out of artificial seawall could be remediated into muddy coastline with natural restoration as the main and artificial intervention as the supplement.With relatively complete muddy coastline landform and intertidal ecosystem,the remediation muddy coastline could be finally brought into the target management of natural coastline control.This paper put forward the direction of remediation for muddy coastline about shaping muddy coastline landform,building intertidal ecosystem and improving water quality,which can be used for reference by planning and designing units and management departments.