中国地方营商法治环境的优化方向及评价标准

The Optimizing Goal and Evaluating Criteria of Chinese Local Institutional Environment for Business

优化本地营商法治环境是中国地方政府助力地方经济发展的重要路径。中国地方政府急需有关如何优化营商法治环境的指引。地方经济规则制度化是最高级别的地方政府承诺与守诺方式。通过制度化的方式明确告知企业行为的边界,维护企业对自身行为结果和政府行为结果预期的稳定性,并为社会公众监督留下充分空间,是地方营商法治环境的优化目标。在此目标下,中国地方营商法治环境的评价标准应该包括:是否实现了地方政府企业优惠扶植措施的制度化、是否实现了地方政府经济服务与监管措施的制度化、是否为企业和社会公众提供了对地方经济发展制度提出异议和寻求救济的恰当渠道。

Optimizing the local institutional environment for business is a very important path for Chinese local government to stimulate local economic development. Chinese local governments urgently need guide for how to optimize local institutional environment for business. What the companies want to know is the boundary between what a company could do and what it could not, and the boundary between what kinds of stimulations and services the local government would give and what kinds of regulations the local government would exert. This paper clarifies what should be the optimizing goal of Chinese local institutional environment for business. Under this goal, the evaluation criteria of the Chinese local institutional environment for business should include whether the preferential support measures and services that local government provides for enterprises have been institutionalized, whether the regulations that local governments exert have been institutionalized and whether the appropriate channels for enterprises and the public to submit objections and to seek relief have been provided.