“一带一路”沿线国家贸易便利化水平分析及中国的对策

Analysis of Trade Facilitation of the Belt and Road Countries and Policy Recommendations for China

“贸易畅通”是“一带一路”倡议的重要组成部分之一。贸易便利化能够通过简化和协调跨境程序推动区内贸易的增长、促进区域经济一体化和使各国融入全球价值链体系,因而对降低“一带一路”沿线国家的贸易成本至关重要。本文基于现有的贸易便利化指标体系对“一带一路”沿线国家的贸易便利化水平进行了全面而深入的测度、评估与比较分析,发现边境机构的外部合作和单证类手续方面是存在的基本共性问题。由此,本文有针对性地提出提高“一带一路”沿线国家整体贸易便利化水平的政策建议,包括基于WTO《贸易便利化协定》建立一个双边或区域合作框架和优先领域,以及基于国内改革创新经验发挥中国在推进贸易便利化领域的引领作用。

Trade linkage is one of the key areas of the Belt and Road Initiative(B&RI).By simplifying and harmonizing cross border procedures,trade facilitation can boost trade growth,promote regional economic integration and integrate more countries into the global value chain.It is of great significance to decrease the trade cost of B&RI countries by promoting trade facilitation.Based on the prevailing studies of trade facilitation index,the paper evaluates the trade facilitation level of main B&RI countries,and figures out the common problems with regard to the external cooperation of border agencies and procedure of document.In addition,the paper proposes policy recommendations to enhance the overall trade facilitation level of B&RI countries,particularly on setting up bilateral and regional cooperation framework and prioritized areas based on the WTO Facilitation Agreement,as well as playing the leading role of China based on her own experience of innovative domestic reforms.