慈仁寺与清初士人的消闲生活

Ciren Temple and the Leisure Life of the Scholars in the Early Qing Dynasty

大报国慈仁寺位于北京城南宣武门外,曾为辽刹报国寺。明成化以降,慈仁寺成为皇家寺庙,建置规模扩大。顺治年间,明季西都城隍庙市迁进慈仁寺。康熙年间,慈仁寺庙市发展为清初最能代表士人文化的商业场所。顺康两朝,慈仁寺盛名在外,渐成士人日常消闲之所,大批文人学士往来交游、诗酒唱酬。清初,慈仁寺作为综合性公共空间,拥有多种社会、经济和文化功能,深入观察慈仁寺众生百态,为了解清初北京时人的日常生活提供了一个窗口。

Ciren Temple is located outside Xuanwumen, south of Beijing, which was once called Baoguo Temple during the Liao Dynasty. Since the time of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty, Ciren Temple has become a royal temple, and the scale of its construction has expanded.During the Shunzhi Period, the City Temple, which once was located in the west of capital city of the Ming Dynasty, moved into the Ciren Temple. During the Kangxi Period, the Ciren Temple Fair developed into a commercial place that can most represent the scholar culture in the early Qing Dynasty.In the reign of Shunzhi and Kangxi, Ciren Temple enjoyed a great reputation, it has become a place for scholars to spend their daily leisure, where a large number of literati and poets, celebrities and officials came and made friends, exchanged poems and wines. In the Early Qing Dynasty, the Ciren Temple has a variety of social, economic and cultural functions as a public field and a leisure complex. A deeper observation of the various sentiments of the Ciren Temple provides an approach for us to understand the daily life of people in Beijing in the early Qing Dynasty.