“走”“跑”历时替换考

"Walk" and "Run" Lasted for the Rreplacement Test

汉语词汇史中描述人“奔跑”的词语,经历了由“走”到“跑”的转变。其中“走”,使用的历史最久,范圈最广,构词能力较强;“跑”,起源比较晚,在上古末期才有发现,本义为“刨地”,“奔跑”义产生于六朝。由于语言表达的日渐精细化,元代后期,“走”与“跑”的使用逐步分化,在北方方言中,“跑”最终替换“走”成为现代汉语中描述“奔跑”的主要词语。

In the history of Chinese vocabulary,the words describing human "running" experienced the transition from "walking" to "running".Among them,"go" has the longest use history,the widest fan circle and strong word-formation ability;"Run",the origin of relatively late,in the ancient late found,the original meaning of "planing","run" the meaning of the six dynasties.Due to the increasingly refined language expressions,the use of "walk" and "run" gradually diverged in the late yuan dynasty.In the northern dialect,"run" eventually replaced "walk" as the main word to describe "run" in modern Chinese.