基于熵权TOPSIS法的国内机场竞争力评价

Domestic airport competitiveness evaluation based on entropy weight TOPSIS method

从机场基础设施建设、机场运营规模、机场服务质量、机场交通地理条件4个方面建立了评价机场竞争力的10个指标,选取36个国内机场作为研究对象,使用熵权法计算出10个评价指标的权重,利用TOPSIS法建立了机场竞争力评价模型,并对机场竞争力进行了评价.结果显示:从机场竞争力评价指标权重看,决定机场竞争力的核心指标有货邮吞吐量、旅客吞吐量、飞机起降架次、跑道数量和机场投诉件数.要想提高机场竞争力,必须加强机场基础设施建设,特别是增加跑道数量.从竞争力排名结果看,中西部机场竞争力明显弱于东部机场.特别是中部地区,只有郑州和武汉两个城市入围竞争力前18名,甚至低于西部的数量,促进中部崛起刻不容缓.因此,我国应该加大对中西部机场的扶持力度.

From the four aspects of airport infrastructure construction, airport operation scale, airport service quality, and airport transportation geography conditions, ten indicators for evaluating airport competitiveness are established, and 36 domestic airports are selected as research objects. The weight of 10 evaluation indexes are calculated by entropy weight method, using the TOPSIS method to establish the evaluation model of airport competitiveness and evaluating the competitiveness of the airport.The results show that from the weight of airport competitiveness evaluation indicators,the core indicators of determine airport competitiveness are cargo throughput,passenger throughput,aircraft movements,number of runways and number of airport complaints.To enhance the competitiveness of airports,airport infrastructure construction must be strengthened,especially the number of runways.From the results of competitiveness rankings,the competitiveness of the Midwest airports is significantly weaker than that of the Eastern airports.Especially in the central region,only Zhengzhou and Wuhan are listed among the top 18 in competitiveness, even lower than the number of the western region. It is imperative to promote the rise of the central region. Therefore, China should increase its support for the airports in the central and western regions.