现代诗学视域下陶渊明诗歌的“陌生化”表现

The Defamiliarized Expression in Tao Yuanming’s Poems from the Perspective of Modern Poetics

陶渊明素有“古今隐逸诗人之宗”的美誉,其诗歌自然凝炼且质朴淳厚,更于平易中见警策。在现代诗学视域下,陶诗以“陌生化”的表现方式体现真情和至理:语言精工本色,以故为新,语义表达双重化,多用语助词与叠词;在繁复用典的基础上,叠加使用比喻、拟人、夸张和讽刺等修辞技巧;通过转换叙述视角,表达隐士与士大夫双重身份下的情感和精神世界。

Seen from the perspective of modern poetics,such features as simple words,ordinary sights,real emotions and pure truths symbolize the defamiliarized expression in Tao Yuanming’s poems.First,the poetic language is elaborate and characteristic.The poet is good at using the old words to express the novel meanings,or using one word with double meanings,or using auxiliary words and reduplicated words.Second,based on the complicated use of allusions,the poet adds the other rhetorical devices of metaphor or simile,personification,hyperbole and satire and so on.Third,in the emotional aesthetics,through the conversion of narrative perspectives,the poet displays the spirit world of a man with dual role as a recluse and a scholar-bureaucrat.