社区冲突:社区居民参与公共事务的路径研究

Community Conflicts: Research on the Path for Community Residents’ Participation in Public Affairs

社区居民主体性参与的缺失限制了社区多元治理格局的形成,影响了社区社会资本的培育。以社区居委会的去行政化、社会组织卷入、社会资源挹注等为代表的社区治理改革构成了社区多元治理的外在动力,如何激活社区居民的主体性意识和提高其参与社区公共事务的能力则是社区多元治理的内在动力。本文通过青岛市案例研究发现,社区冲突具有激活社区居民内生动力,培养社会资本的功能。社区居民利用社区冲突,实现权力在权力持有者和无权者之间的转移,并通过自我学习机制、组织化机制、网络机制和制度化机制,实现社区总体性权力量的增长。社区冲突实现了权力结构的变迁,推动治理主体的多元化,更为关键的是使得居民认知和习得权力,培养参与意识和能力,提升社区认同感。

A lack of subjective participation of community residents leads to a limited community multiple governance structure,which influences the cultivation of community’s social capital.Community reforms such as deadministration of community’s residents committee,involvement of social communities and pumping of social resources are the outer motivation of community multiple governance.How to activate the subjective consciousness of community residents and improve their abilities of participating in public affairs become a inner motivation.The case study of a community in Qing Dao demonstrates that community conflicts contribute to the activation of inner motivation for community residents and the cultivation of community capital.Through community’s conflicts,power is transferred between power owners and the powerless and the total power of the community is increased by self-learning mechanism,structural mechanism,network mechanism and institutional mechanism.Community conflicts not only lead to transfer of power structure,diversity of governance body,but also cause residents to recognize and obtain power,cultivate participation consciousness and ability thereby improving their sense of identification for the community.