喷液式一体化在线动平衡终端的设计与实验研究

Design and experimental research of a spray-type integrated online dynamic balance terminal

针对喷液式在线动平衡系统中的传统组装式平衡终端存在的问题,提出了一种新型的采用3D打印快速成形的一体化终端。在分析传统的组装式平衡终端存在质量过大和密封等问题的基础上,结合喷液式在线动平衡的技术特点和快速成形的要求设计出了新型的一体化平衡终端。在分析一体化平衡终端平衡能力的基础上,取实验主轴极限转速和容腔满腔液体的极限实验状态,建立了弧形容腔受力面分析模型,选取了容腔壁安全厚度,完成了一体化终端的制作,并且和组装式终端进行了关键参数对比。此外,为了保证液体的流动特性、表面测试的需求以及终端和主轴的配合精度,对一体化平衡终端配合锥面进行配磨,表面和液体流道进行了修形。最后,在高速主轴试验台上进行平衡终端的在线验证实验。实验结果表明,当转速为9 000 r/min,12 000 r/min和15 000 r/min时,通过在线平衡可以使主轴工频振幅分别下降达80.76%,82.34%和84.13%,且都一次成功,平衡时间也非常短,充分展现了平衡终端的可靠性。

In order to solve the problems of traditional assembled terminals in spray type dynamic balancing systems,a new type of integrated terminal using 3D printing was proposed.Based on the analysis of the problems of over mass and sealing in traditional assembled balance terminals,the new type of integrated balanced terminal was designed based on the technical characteristics of spray-type on-line dynamic balance and the requirements of rapid prototyping.On the basis of analyzing the balance ability of the integrated balance terminal,an analysis model of the curved cavity surface was established according to the limit experimental state.The thickness of the cavity wall was selected to complete the production of the integrated terminal and the key parameters were compared with those of the assembled terminals.In addition,in order to ensure the liquid flow characteristics and surface testing requirements,the integrated balanced terminal surface and the liquid flow path were modified.Finally,an on-line verification experiment of balanced terminals was performed on a high-speed spindle test stand.The experimental results show:when the speeds are 9 000 r/min,12 000 r/min and 15 000 r/min,the amplitude at the rotation frequency can be reduced by 80.76%,82.34%and 84.13%respectively through on-line balancing,and the balance time is very short.This illustrates the reliability of the proposed balanced terminal.