肉豆蔻酸单甘油酯的合成研究

Studies on Synthesis of Myristic Acid Monoglyceride

以甘油和丙酮为初始原料,采用基团保护法分三步合成肉豆蔻酸单甘油酯,并对工艺进行优化。缩合反应最优化工艺为:以对甲苯磺酸作为催化剂,石油醚30～60为带水剂,n_(甘油)∶n_(丙酮)=1∶2,回流反应,反应时间为4 h,收率98.29%。酯化反应最优化工艺条件为:n_(肉豆蔻酰氯)∶n_(异亚丙基甘油))=1∶1.2,二氯甲烷为溶剂,三乙胺为缚酸剂,回流反应,反应时间4 h,收率达94.37%。

The myristic acid monoglyceride was synthesized from glycerol and acetone as raw by group protection method in three steps, and the process was optimized. The optimum conditions of condensation reaction were as follows: using p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst, petroleum ether 30~60 as water-carrying agent, n (glycerol: acetone)= 1 ∶ 2, reflux reaction, and reaction time is 4 h, the yield is 98.29%. The optimum conditions of esterification reaction were as follows: n (myristyl chloride ∶ isopropylidene glycerol)= 1 ∶ 1.2, dichloromethane as solvent, triethylamine as acid binding agent, reflux reaction, and reaction time is 4 h, the yield is 94.37%.