我国社区居家养老服务中非营利组织的功能嵌入分析——以北京市A助老食堂与上海市B助餐点为例

An Analysis on the Function Embedding of Non-Profit Organizations in China's Community Service for Home Care of the Elderly: Taking The Canteen A for Helping the Elderly in Beijing and the Meal Service Point B in Shanghai as Examples

非营利组织以其提供养老服务的灵活性和个性化、资源利用透明高效等优势,在居家养老服务领域中逐渐受到重视。基于需求溢出理论的广义社会组织论,非营利组织以志愿利他为基本功能路径,同时混搭嵌入不同比例的其他功能路径以使资源效率达到最大化。在我国社区居家养老的助餐服务中,北京市A助老食堂与上海市B助餐点作为偏企业型的非营利组织,不同程度上均混合嵌入了其他组织色彩。通过构建需求溢出理论广义社会组织论视角下的非营利组织参与居家养老服务的分析框架,以两类非营利组织作为比较案例,探析两类组织的功能路径与养老需求之间匹配的差异,并进一步分析起关键决定作用的资源效率状况,思考两类组织的优胜劣败及未来发展空间。

Non-profit organizations have attracted much attention in the field of home care services due to their advantages in providing elderly care services such as flexibility, individuation, transparent and efficient utiliza. tion of resources. On the basis of generalized social organization theory based on the demand spillover theory, non-profit organizations take voluntary altruism as the basic functional path and mix and embed other function. al paths with different proportions to maximize resource efficiency. In China’s meal service for home care of the elderly, as entrepreneurial non-profit organizations, the canteen A for helping the elderly in Beijing and the meal service point B in Shanghai, mix and embedded with other organization colors in different degrees. Accord. ing to constructing an analytical framework of non-profit organizations’participation in service for home care of the elderly from the perspective of the generalized social organization theory of the demand spillover theory, tak. ing these two kinds of non-profit organizations as a comparative case, this article will explore the matching dif. ferences between the functional paths and the matching of demand for elderly care of the two types of organiza. tions, and will further analyze the resource efficiency status as a key determinant, and reflect the two types of or. ganizations and future development space.