产业政策如何驱动中国应急产业发展?——基于应急产业政策的文本分析

How does the Industrial Policy Drive the Development of China's Emergency Industry:On the Basis of Text Analysis of Emergency Industry Policy

在风险社会背景下,公共安全管理对应急产品和服务的需求不断增长,应急产业应运而生。国家自2007年开始陆续出台政策引导应急产业发展,随着2018年应急管理部的成立,一系列产业政策及措施正越来越成为规范和驱动应急产业发展的重要力量。构建"主体—工具—价值链"三维政策分析框架,采用内容分析法,对国家层面36项政策进行的文本分析显示:我国应急产业政策在主体维度上,呈现"简单"多元化特征;政策工具选择上,供给型政策工具使用过度,需求型政策工具使用不足;在创新价值链维度上,研发阶段政策供给过度,试验、产业化阶段政策覆盖不足。基于此,产业政策驱动应急产业发展需要从政策主体、政策工具和政策价值链三个维度同时推进。

In the context of risk spciety, with the public safety management’s growing demand for emergency products and services, emergency industry rises in response to the proper time and conditions. The State Coun. cil and its relevant ministries and commissions have issued policies since 2007 to guide the development of the emergency industry. With the establishment of the Ministry of Emergency Management in 2018, a series of in. dustry policies and measures are becoming more and more important forces to regulate and drive the develop. ment of emergency industry. The text analysis of 36 policies at the national level through using content analysis method, constructing three-dimensional policy analysis framework of“agent – instrument - value chain”was constructed, shows that China’s emergency industry policy is characterized by“simple”diversification in the dimension of agent;in terms of the selection of policy instrument, the overuse of supply-side policy instrument and the underuse of demand-side policy instrument;in the dimension of the innovative value chain, the policy supply in the research and development stage is excessive, but the policy coverage in the testing and industrial. ization stage is insufficient. On this basis, the development of emergency industry driven by industry policy needs to be promoted simultaneously from three dimensions, i.e. policy agent, policy instrument, and policy val. ue chain.