清代北京蒙古阿拉善亲王府历史沿革与建筑特征研究

Study on Historical Evolution and Architectural Characteristics of Mongolian Prince Alashan’s Mansion in Beijing in Qing Dynasty

清代王府建筑是北京建筑遗产的重要组成部分,经查阅文献,北京城内的蒙古王府有18处,其中9处王府尚有建筑遗存,但目前对这类王府建筑的研究较少。其中阿拉善亲王府区域位置独特,建筑风格中西融合,建筑装饰细部精美,是一座具有代表性的蒙古王府。现以阿拉善亲王府为例,通过查阅历史文献、历史地图对比和现场调研等方法,梳理其历史沿革,归纳空间布局、建筑规制及其附属园林的特点,理清府址现存状况,进而归纳其建筑的价值,以期为北京王府建筑的保护利用提供基础研究的支撑。

Mansion building in Qing Dynasty is an important part of Beijing's architectural heritage. According to the literature, there are 18 Mongolian mansion buildings in Beijing, of which 9 mansions still have architectural remains, but at present there are few related researches on this kind of mansion buildings. Among them, Mongolian prince Alashan's mansion is a typical Mongolian mansion with unique regional location, integrated architectural style of Chinese and western and exquisite architectural decoration details. This paper takes prince Alashan's palace as an example, anaiyses its historical evolution, summarizes the spatial layout, building regulations and characteristics of its affiliated gardens by consulting historical documents, comparing historical maps and on-site investigation, clarifies the existing situation of the mansion, and then summarizes the value of the palace building. This paper is supposed to provide basic support for the protection and utilization of the mansions building in Beijing.