大数据支持下城市更新政策实施的精细化评估初探——以上海市铜川路水产市场搬迁为例

The Big Data Supported Policy Implementation Assessment on Urban Regeneration Projects: A Case Study of Shanghai Tongchuan Road Fisherman’s Market

随着城镇化和经济发展迈入“新常态”,城市更新将成为许多城市未来经济增长、社会发展和空间优化的主要途径。与新城新区建设相比,城市更新项目通常要面对更为复杂的多元主体及其经济、社会和政治诉求,因而对城市更新政策实施进行精细化的评估具有重要的现实意义。在传统技术条件下,相关调查、跟踪观测需要耗费较大的人力物力,但大数据(移动位置数据LBS)的出现提供了新的机遇。以上海市铜川路水产市场搬迁为例,基于腾讯位置大数据及其标签数据,重现搬迁前铜川路水产市场的人群画像,并对市场搬迁前后从业人员的去向进行跟踪观测,探索大数据支持下城市更新政策实施的精细化评估方法。得出结论,位置大数据可以提供高质量、富细节、多层次的基础数据,可以据此建立快速、高效的实施评估方法,为地方政府的高质量城市治理提供技术支持。

With the urbanization and economic development entering the era of “New Normal”, urban regeneration is becoming the main path for economic growth, social development and spatial readjustment in many cities. Compared with the construction of new cities and districts, urban regeneration projects are usually confronted with more diversified stakeholders and interested parties who have different economic, social and political appeals. Therefore, in-depth policy implementation assessment on urban regeneration projects is important for the healthy urban development. Under traditional technology conditions, assessing the effectiveness of urban renewal planning requires a lot of manpower and resources, but the emergence of big data technologies offers new opportunities. This article takes the relocation of Tongchuan Road Fisherman’s Market in Shanghai as an example. Based on the Tencent location based service(LBS) data and its tag data, it reproduces Tongchuan Road Fisherman’s Market before the relocation, and follows the observations of the employees before and after the market relocation to explore the technical path for a in-depth assessment on urban regeneration policy implementation. Our preliminary finding shows that the location based service data can provide high-quality, detailed, multi-level basic data, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of urban governance and inform local government's urban management.