138例乳头溢液病例的临床特征分析

Analysis of clinical features of 138 cases of nipple discharge

目的对乳头溢液病例的临床特征进行回顾性分析,探讨年龄、乳头溢液的性状、是否合并乳房肿块等因素与乳头溢液病理诊断的关系,为合理制订临床治疗方案提供参考。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年7月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院乳腺科住院治疗的138例乳头溢液患者的临床资料。分析患者年龄、乳头溢液的性状、是否合并乳房肿块等因素与乳头溢液性疾病的病理诊断间的关系。结果统计分析显示年龄>50岁者病变为恶性的例数(10例)高于年龄≤50岁者(1例),差异有显著性(P=0.000)。乳头血性溢液患者病变为恶性的例数(9例)高于浆液性(1例)及清水样(1例)溢液的患者,差异有显著性(P=0.000)。影像学检查有阳性发现的乳头溢液患者病变为恶性的例数(8例)高于影像学检查阴性(3例)的患者,差异有显著性(P=0.037)。结论患者年龄、乳头溢液的性状、是否合并乳房肿块对鉴别乳头溢液的良恶性具有重要意义。

Objective Through retrospective analysis of the clinical features of nipple discharge, to discuss the relationship between the age of the patient, the character of nipple discharge, and whether the breast lump was concomitant with the pathological diagnosis, providing a reference basis for more reasonable clinical treatment plans. Method Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 138 cases of nipple discharge that were hospitalized in the Breast Department from January 2013 to July 2018 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. The relationship between the age of the patient, the character of nipple discharge, whether the breast lump was concomitant with the pathologic diagnosis of nipple discharge was analyzed. Result Statistical analysis suggested that patients with nipple discharge at the age of more than 50 years old were more likely to have malignant lesions than patients less than or equal to 50 years old (P=0.000). Patients with papillary hemorrhagic effusion were more likely to have malignant lesions than those with serous and clear effusion (P= 0.000). Patients with nipple discharge detected by positive imaging fi ndings were more likely to have malignant lesions than patients with negative imaging fi ndings (P=0.037). Conclusion The age of the patient, the character of nipple discharge, and whether the breast lump is concomitant have important clinical signifi cance to distinguish the benign and malignant nipple discharge.