孤独症谱系障碍儿童生存质量的研究

Study on quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorder

目的研究调查孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿生存质量情况,为康复治疗方式的选择提供指导。方法选取100例ASD患儿作为试验组,另选取同期110例正常儿童作为对照组。两组均采用儿童生存质量量表(PedsQ L4.0)进行生存质量评定。比较试验组和对照组PedsQ L4.0评分;比较试验组不同病情A1、B1、C1三级患儿PedsQ L4.0评分;比较试验组不同家庭收入A2、B2、C2三级患儿PedsQ L4.0评分;比较试验组患儿康复治疗前、康复治疗6个月后PedsQ L4.0评分。结果试验组PedsQ L4.0社会功能、情绪功能、生理功能、心理功能、总分分别为(53.62±3.14)、(55.85±5.10)、(54.95±2.18)、(56.63±3.15)、(55.58±5.01)分,均明显低于对照组的(86.52±2.16)、(85.21±2.27)、(85.95±3.16)、(84.34±2.25)、(85.63±2.26)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组不同病情A1患儿36例, B1患儿39例, C1患儿25例, A1、B1、C1患儿PedsQ L4.0社会功能、情绪功能、生理功能、心理功能、总分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组不同家庭收入A2患儿48例, B2患儿32例, C2患儿20例,A2、B2、C2患儿PedsQ L4.0社会功能、情绪功能、生理功能、心理功能、总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组患儿康复治疗6个月后PedsQ L4.0社会功能、情绪功能、生理功能、心理功能、总分均高于康复治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ASD儿童生存质量较正常儿童偏低,病情越严重,生存质量越低;与家庭收入的关系不明显。采取有效的康复治疗手段,可以明显改善其生存质量。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and provide guidance for the choice of rehabilitation therapy. Methods There were 100 ASD children as experimental group, and another 110 normal children in the same period as control group. The quality of life was assessed by child quality of life scale (PedsQ L4.0) in both groups. Comparison were made on PedsQ L4.0 score between two groups, PedsQ L4.0 scores of A1, B1 and C1 children, the PedsQ L4.0 scores of A2, B2 and C2 children in different family incomes, and the PedsQ L4.0 scores of children were compared before and 6 months after rehabilitation therapy. Results The experimental group had obviously lower social function, emotional function, physiological function, psychological function, total score respectively as (53.62±3.14),(55.85±5.10),(54.95±2.18),(56.63±3.15) and (55.58±5.01) points than (86.52±2.16),(85.21±2.27),(85.95±3.16),(84.34±2.25) and (85.63±2.26) points in the control group. Their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The experimental group had 36 cases of A1, 39 cases of B1, 25 cases of C1 of different disease conditions. A1, B1 and C1 children had statistically significant difference in PedsQ L4.0 social function, emotional function, physiological function, psychological function, total score (P<0.05). The experimental group had 48 cases of A2, 32 cases of B2, 20 cases of C2 in different family outcomes. A2, B2 and C2 children had statistically significant difference in PedsQ L4.0 social function, emotional function, physiological function, psychological function, total score (P>0.05). The experimental group had higher PedsQ L4.0 social function, emotional function, physiological function, psychological function, total score after 6 months of rehabilitation therapy than those before rehabilitation. Their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The quality of life of ASD children is lower than that of normal children, the more serious the disease is, the lower the quality of life. The relationship between ASD children and family income is not obvious, and effective rehabilitation treatment can significantly improve their quality of life.