体育活动对儿童执行功能作用研究:理论、效益与测量

The Contribution of Physical Exercise to Children Executive Function:Theory,Effect and Measurement Issues

执行功能对于儿童身心发展具有核心作用,对采用体育活动方法改善儿童执行功能发展进行研究,为更加科学地促进儿童发展提供理论和实践基础;通过文献资料法和专家访谈法,梳理了理论和实验研究的发展过程——短时与长时体育干预下的儿童执行功能发展。结果显示:执行功能三因素理论已经获得共识;短期和长期的体育活动都能够给儿童执行功能带来积极作用,其中,中等强度的体育活动被认为能够带来更显著的效益,体育促进执行功能与人生发展整合模型较为全面地体现了体育、执行功能和个人发展三者之间的直接、中介和调节关系。

Execution function plays a central role in children's physical and mental development.This research studies the role of sports activities in improving children's executive function development and provides a theoretical and practical basis.By means of literature review and expert interviews,this paper reviews the development of theory and experiment research and the development of children's executive function under short-term and long-term sports intervention.The results show that the three factor theory of executive function has reached a consensus.Short-term and long-term sports activities can bring positive effects on children's executive function.Among them,moderate intensity sports activities are considered to bring more significant benefits.The integrated model of sports promoting executive function and life development comprehensively reflects the direct,medium and mediating relationship among sports,executive function and personal development.