论我国民族事务的认知定式与治理转向——兼论涉民族因素社会问题治理的法治化

On the improper cognition and the turn of governance of ethnic affairs in China: Also on the governance legalization of the social problems in ethnic elements

民族事务治理是关系到我国社会稳定、疆域统一和中华民族复兴的重大问题。长期以来,我国民族事务治理存在民族多元定性“问题化”、民族事务内涵“宽泛化”、涉民族因素矛盾纠纷治理“政治化”的偏颇。这种认知及治理上的失当容易导致少数民族的污名化、对主体民族的逆向歧视,以及族际边界的凸显等问题。当前我国多民族社会的治理理应正确看待多元民族的价值,实现多元民族定性的“非问题化”;避免将民族成员个体之间的矛盾视为民族问题,实现民族事务内涵再精确;推进民族事务及涉民族因素社会问题治理的法治化,更加注重采用一般性公共政策解决民族地区各民族共同面对的社会问题。

The governance of ethnic affairs is related to social stability,territorial unity and national rejuvenation.For a long time,there have existed such partialities in ethnic affairs in our country as problematizing the multi-ethnic nature,generalizing the connotation of ethnic affairs,and politicizing the governance of disputes involving ethnic issues.Such improper cognition and governance tend to breed risks including the stigmatization of minorities,reverse discrimination of Han majority as the Subject,and magnification of ethnic boundary.The governance of ethnic affairs in our country at present should take the value of pluralism correctly,realize the harmony in multi-ethnic nature,avoid taking the contradiction between the individual members of the nation as a national issue,and further promote the rule of law of ethnic affairs.