刺鲃鱼皮和鱼鳞营养成分的分析与评价

Nutritional Analysis and Evaluation on Skin and Scales of Spinibarbus caldwelli

为了开发利用刺鲃(Spinibarbus caldwelli)鱼皮和鱼鳞,对网箱养殖刺鲃鱼皮和鱼鳞营养成分进行测定。结果表明:鱼皮和鱼鳞(鲜样)中分别含粗蛋白质(23.80%、40.77%)、粗脂肪(13.24%、2.70%)、水分(49.21%、53.53%)、粗灰分(0.38%、9.05%);鱼皮和鱼鳞均含有16种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸(EAA)7种,非必需氨基酸(NEAA)9种,其氨基酸总量(TAA)分别为11.91%和50.64%。鱼皮中EAA/TAA为20.91%,EAA/NEAA为26.43%,鱼鳞EAA/TAA为16.71%,EAA/NEAA为20.06%,其鲜味氨基酸(DAA)/TAA均较高,分别达46.23%和48.42%。鱼皮和鱼鳞均检测到11种主要脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸总量(∑SFA)分别为23.20%和25.01%,单不饱和脂肪酸总量(∑MUFA)分别为53.59%和53.95%,多不饱和脂肪酸总量(∑PUFA)分别为23.21%和21.04%;鱼皮和鱼鳞5种微量元素中,均是Zn含量最高,分别达64.62 mg/kg和32.96 mg/kg,Se含量最低0.03 mg/kg和0.27 mg/kg。研究表明,刺鲃鱼皮和鱼鳞均是味道鲜美且富含胶原蛋白和微量元素的保健食品源,同时也是一种良好的动物性饲料原料。

The nutritional components of skin and scales of Spinibarbus caldwelli cultured in Zhijiang river reservoir cage in Hunan province were determined.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,crude fat,moisture,and crude ash in fresh skin of Spinibarbus caldwelli were 23.80%,13.24%,49.21%and 0.38%,respectively,while those in fresh scales were 40.77%,2.70%,53.53%and 9.05%,respectively.Both skin and scales contained 16 kinds of amino acids,in which the total amino acids(TAA)accounted for 11.91%and 50.64%,respectively.Although,the ratios of EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA in skin were only 20.91%and 26.43%,respectively,as well as those in scales were only 16.71%and 20.06%,respectively,but the ratios of delicious amino acids(DAA)/TAA in skin and scales were up to 46.23%and48.42%,respectively.Both skin and scales contained 11 kinds of fatty acids,in which the saturated fatty acids accounted for 23.20%and 25.01%,respectively,the monounsaturated fatty acids accounted for 53.59%and 53.95%,respectively,and the polyunsaturated fatty acids accounted for23.21%and 21.04%,respectively.Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn and Se were detected in the skin and scales of Spinibarbus caldwelli.In skin,the content of Zn was the highest,and Se was the lowest,which were 64.62 and 0.03 mg/kg,respectively.In scales,Zn was the most abundant and Se the least abundant trace element,and their contents were 32.96 and 0.27 mg/kg,respectively.In conclusion,both skin and scales were rich in minerals and unsaturated fatty acids,with huge potential for development and utilization.