肝硬化合并急性肾损伤早期检测指标的研究进展

Research advances in indicators for early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis complicated with acute kidney injury

急性肾损伤(AKI)是肝硬化失代偿期患者最常见的并发症之一,主要表现为肾小球滤过率显著下降,血清肌酐(SCr)和尿素氮迅速升高,水钠潴留。目前,SCr、尿素氮对肾功能临床评价灵敏度不高,易受非肾因素的影响。因此,寻找特异、敏感的早期诊断标志物一直是近年来研究的热点。该文总结了近5年来肝硬化合并AKI早期的检测指标,旨在为临床诊疗提供依据。

Acute kidney injury(AKI) is one of the most common complications of decompensated cirrhosis, and it primarily presents as a sharp decrease in glomerular filtration rate, rapid increase in serum creatinine(SCr) and urea nitrogen, water and sodium retention. At present, the sensitivity of SCr and urea nitrogen in clinical evaluation of renal function is low and susceptible to non-renal factors. Therefore, the search for specific and sensitive early diagnostic markers has been a research hot spot in recent years. This article summarizes the early detection indicators of liver cirrhosis complicated with AKI in recent five years, and provides the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.