肺结核患者结核抗体与痰涂片检验效果比较

Comparison of Tuberculosis Antibodies and Sputum Smears in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

目的通过对健康体检人员和肺结核患者实施结核抗体和痰涂片方法进行肺结核诊断,分析检验结果,探究两种方法的临床效果特点。方法从来该院诊治的2017年1月—2018年11月的肺结核患者中用随机数字法随机抽取63例为结核组,另外选取同时期的结核体检肺部异常人员63名,为对照组。两组分别实施结核抗体检测和痰涂片,观察两种检测方法的临床效果。结果结核抗体检验方法的灵敏度(92.06%)高于痰涂片法(46.03%)(χ~2=10.321,P<0.05),特异度(87.30%)低于痰涂片法(96.83%)(χ~2=8.462,P <0.05),准确率(89.68%)高于对照组(71.43%)(χ~2=11.063,P<0.05)。结论结核抗体检验和痰涂片各自有优缺点,但是,综合来看,结核抗体诊断肺结核的准确率更高,检测效果更好,有效降低临床肺结核的误诊率和漏诊率,值得推广使用。

Objective To investigate the results of tuberculosis and sputum smear in health checkups and tuberculosis patients, and to analyze the test results and explore the clinical effects of the two methods. Methods A total of 63 patients with tuberculosis who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to November 2018 were randomly selected from the tuberculosis group, and 63 patients with abnormal pulmonary tuberculosis at the same time were selected as the control group. The two groups were tested for tuberculosis antibody and sputum smear, and the clinical effects of the two methods were observed. Results The sensitivity of the tuberculosis antibody test method(92.06%) was higher than that of the sputum smear method(46.03%)(χ^2=10.321, P<0.05), and the specificity(87.30%) was lower than the sputum smear method(96.83%)(χ^2= 8.462, P<0.05), the accuracy rate(89.68%) was higher than that of the control group(71.43%)(χ^2=11.063, P<0.05). Conclusion Tuberculosis antibody test and sputum smear have their own advantages and disadvantages. However, comprehensively, tuberculosis antibody has higher accuracy in diagnosis of tuberculosis, better detection effect, and effectively reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of clinical tuberculosis. It is worthy of popularization.